Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, and States: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023
Geographic Area	April 1, 2020 Estimates Base	Population Estimate (as of July 1)
		2020	2021	2022	2023
United States	331,464,948	331,526,933	332,048,977	333,271,411	334,914,895
Northeast	57,614,141	57,430,477	57,243,423	57,026,847	56,983,517
Midwest	68,987,296	68,969,794	68,850,246	68,783,028	68,909,283
South	126,268,529	126,465,281	127,353,282	128,702,030	130,125,290
West	78,594,982	78,661,381	78,602,026	78,759,506	78,896,805
.Alabama	5,024,294	5,031,864	5,050,380	5,073,903	5,108,468
.Alaska	733,374	732,964	734,923	733,276	733,406
.Arizona	7,157,902	7,186,683	7,272,487	7,365,684	7,431,344
.Arkansas	3,011,490	3,014,348	3,028,443	3,046,404	3,067,732
.California	39,538,212	39,503,200	39,145,060	39,040,616	38,965,193
.Colorado	5,773,707	5,785,219	5,811,596	5,841,039	5,877,610
.Connecticut	3,605,912	3,577,586	3,603,691	3,608,706	3,617,176
.Delaware	989,946	991,862	1,004,881	1,019,459	1,031,890
.District of Columbia	689,548	670,839	669,037	670,949	678,972
.Florida	21,538,216	21,591,299	21,830,708	22,245,521	22,610,726
.Georgia	10,713,771	10,732,390	10,790,385	10,913,150	11,029,227
.Hawaii	1,455,274	1,451,181	1,446,745	1,439,399	1,435,138
.Idaho	1,839,117	1,849,339	1,904,537	1,938,996	1,964,726
.Illinois	12,813,469	12,790,357	12,690,341	12,582,515	12,549,689
.Indiana	6,785,442	6,789,098	6,813,798	6,832,274	6,862,199
.Iowa	3,190,427	3,190,904	3,197,944	3,199,693	3,207,004
.Kansas	2,937,835	2,938,124	2,937,946	2,936,716	2,940,546
.Kentucky	4,506,297	4,508,155	4,507,600	4,511,563	4,526,154
.Louisiana	4,657,785	4,652,022	4,627,047	4,588,023	4,573,749
.Maine	1,363,177	1,364,517	1,378,787	1,389,338	1,395,722
.Maryland	6,177,253	6,173,689	6,175,045	6,163,981	6,180,253
.Massachusetts	7,032,933	6,997,713	6,991,951	6,982,740	7,001,399
.Michigan	10,077,674	10,070,627	10,038,117	10,033,281	10,037,261
.Minnesota	5,706,804	5,710,578	5,717,968	5,714,300	5,737,915
.Mississippi	2,961,306	2,958,409	2,949,582	2,938,928	2,939,690
.Missouri	6,154,889	6,154,426	6,170,393	6,177,168	6,196,156
.Montana	1,084,244	1,087,211	1,106,366	1,122,878	1,132,812
.Nebraska	1,961,965	1,963,273	1,964,253	1,968,060	1,978,379
.Nevada	3,104,617	3,115,840	3,146,632	3,177,421	3,194,176
.New Hampshire	1,377,524	1,378,702	1,387,494	1,399,003	1,402,054
.New Jersey	9,289,039	9,272,392	9,269,175	9,260,817	9,290,841
.New Mexico	2,117,525	2,118,488	2,116,950	2,113,476	2,114,371
.New York	20,202,320	20,104,710	19,854,526	19,673,200	19,571,216
.North Carolina	10,439,459	10,453,812	10,567,100	10,695,965	10,835,491
.North Dakota	779,079	779,563	777,982	778,912	783,926
.Ohio	11,799,331	11,798,292	11,765,227	11,759,697	11,785,935
.Oklahoma	3,959,411	3,965,234	3,991,634	4,019,271	4,053,824
.Oregon	4,237,279	4,245,044	4,256,465	4,239,379	4,233,358
.Pennsylvania	13,002,788	12,995,477	13,013,614	12,972,091	12,961,683
.Rhode Island	1,097,371	1,096,444	1,097,092	1,093,842	1,095,962
.South Carolina	5,118,422	5,132,151	5,193,848	5,282,955	5,373,555
.South Dakota	886,668	887,852	896,299	909,869	919,318
.Tennessee	6,910,786	6,926,091	6,963,709	7,048,976	7,126,489
.Texas	29,145,459	29,234,361	29,561,286	30,029,848	30,503,301
.Utah	3,271,614	3,283,982	3,339,284	3,381,236	3,417,734
.Vermont	643,077	642,936	647,093	647,110	647,464
.Virginia	8,631,373	8,637,193	8,657,348	8,679,099	8,715,698
.Washington	7,705,267	7,724,566	7,741,433	7,784,477	7,812,880
.West Virginia	1,793,713	1,791,562	1,785,249	1,774,035	1,770,071
.Wisconsin	5,893,713	5,896,700	5,879,978	5,890,543	5,910,955
.Wyoming	576,850	577,664	579,548	581,629	584,057
Table 2. Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings for the United States, Regions, and States: July 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023
.Geographic Area	Population Estimate (as of July 1)		Change, 2022 to 2023		National Ranking of Regions and States
					Population Estimate (as of July 1)		Change, 2022 to 2023
	2022	2023	Number	Percent	2022	2023	Number	Percent
United States	333,271,411	334,914,895	1,643,484	0.5	(X)	(X)	(X)	(X)
Northeast	57,026,847	56,983,517	-43,330	-0.1	4	4	4	4
Midwest	68,783,028	68,909,283	126,255	0.2	3	3	3	2
South	128,702,030	130,125,290	1,423,260	1.1	1	1	1	1
West	78,759,506	78,896,805	137,299	0.2	2	2	2	3
.Alabama	5,073,903	5,108,468	34,565	0.7	24	24	11	16
.Alaska	733,276	733,406	130	-	48	48	43	43
.Arizona	7,365,684	7,431,344	65,660	0.9	14	14	7	12
.Arkansas	3,046,404	3,067,732	21,328	0.7	33	33	19	15
.California	39,040,616	38,965,193	-75,423	-0.2	1	1	50	46
.Colorado	5,841,039	5,877,610	36,571	0.6	21	21	9	18
.Connecticut	3,608,706	3,617,176	8,470	0.2	29	29	30	33
.Delaware	1,019,459	1,031,890	12,431	1.2	45	45	26	6
.District of Columbia	670,949	678,972	8,023	1.2	49	49	31	7
.Florida	22,245,521	22,610,726	365,205	1.6	3	3	2	2
.Georgia	10,913,150	11,029,227	116,077	1.1	8	8	4	10
.Hawaii	1,439,399	1,435,138	-4,261	-0.3	40	40	45	49
.Idaho	1,938,996	1,964,726	25,730	1.3	38	38	17	4
.Illinois	12,582,515	12,549,689	-32,826	-0.3	6	6	49	48
.Indiana	6,832,274	6,862,199	29,925	0.4	17	17	14	22
.Iowa	3,199,693	3,207,004	7,311	0.2	31	31	32	34
.Kansas	2,936,716	2,940,546	3,830	0.1	35	34	36	38
.Kentucky	4,511,563	4,526,154	14,591	0.3	26	26	25	29
.Louisiana	4,588,023	4,573,749	-14,274	-0.3	25	25	48	50
.Maine	1,389,338	1,395,722	6,384	0.5	42	42	33	21
.Maryland	6,163,981	6,180,253	16,272	0.3	19	19	24	32
.Massachusetts	6,982,740	7,001,399	18,659	0.3	16	16	22	31
.Michigan	10,033,281	10,037,261	3,980	-	10	10	35	41
.Minnesota	5,714,300	5,737,915	23,615	0.4	22	22	18	25
.Mississippi	2,938,928	2,939,690	762	-	34	35	41	42
.Missouri	6,177,168	6,196,156	18,988	0.3	18	18	21	30
.Montana	1,122,878	1,132,812	9,934	0.9	43	43	28	13
.Nebraska	1,968,060	1,978,379	10,319	0.5	37	37	27	20
.Nevada	3,177,421	3,194,176	16,755	0.5	32	32	23	19
.New Hampshire	1,399,003	1,402,054	3,051	0.2	41	41	37	36
.New Jersey	9,260,817	9,290,841	30,024	0.3	11	11	13	28
.New Mexico	2,113,476	2,114,371	895	-	36	36	40	40
.New York	19,673,200	19,571,216	-101,984	-0.5	4	4	51	51
.North Carolina	10,695,965	10,835,491	139,526	1.3	9	9	3	5
.North Dakota	778,912	783,926	5,014	0.6	47	47	34	17
.Ohio	11,759,697	11,785,935	26,238	0.2	7	7	16	35
.Oklahoma	4,019,271	4,053,824	34,553	0.9	28	28	12	14
.Oregon	4,239,379	4,233,358	-6,021	-0.1	27	27	46	45
.Pennsylvania	12,972,091	12,961,683	-10,408	-0.1	5	5	47	44
.Rhode Island	1,093,842	1,095,962	2,120	0.2	44	44	39	37
.South Carolina	5,282,955	5,373,555	90,600	1.7	23	23	5	1
.South Dakota	909,869	919,318	9,449	1.0	46	46	29	11
.Tennessee	7,048,976	7,126,489	77,513	1.1	15	15	6	8
.Texas	30,029,848	30,503,301	473,453	1.6	2	2	1	3
.Utah	3,381,236	3,417,734	36,498	1.1	30	30	10	9
.Vermont	647,110	647,464	354	0.1	50	50	42	39
.Virginia	8,679,099	8,715,698	36,599	0.4	12	12	8	23
.Washington	7,784,477	7,812,880	28,403	0.4	13	13	15	26
.West Virginia	1,774,035	1,770,071	-3,964	-0.2	39	39	44	47
.Wisconsin	5,890,543	5,910,955	20,412	0.3	20	20	20	27
.Wyoming	581,629	584,057	2,428	0.4	51	51	38	24
Dash (-) represents zero or rounds to zero.
(X) Not applicable.
Table 3. Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change: July 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023
	Total Population Change1	Natural Change	Vital Events		Net Migration
			Births	Deaths	Total	International2	Domestic
United States	1,643,484	504,495	3,653,356	3,148,861	1,138,989	1,138,989	(X)
Northeast	-43,330	55,653	581,516	525,863	-98,291	225,009	-323,300
Midwest	126,255	45,838	746,365	700,527	80,181	165,910	-85,729
South	1,423,260	217,342	1,485,069	1,267,727	1,206,146	499,880	706,266
West	137,299	185,662	840,406	654,744	-49,047	248,190	-297,237
.Alabama	34,565	-1,562	58,251	59,813	36,128	5,384	30,744
.Alaska	130	3,685	9,266	5,581	-3,539	2,004	-5,543
.Arizona	65,660	7,702	78,494	70,792	57,814	21,635	36,179
.Arkansas	21,328	-907	35,566	36,473	22,202	4,096	18,106
.California	-75,423	111,416	414,120	302,704	-187,389	150,982	-338,371
.Colorado	36,571	17,399	62,498	45,099	19,167	11,931	7,236
.Connecticut	8,470	2,115	34,957	32,842	6,248	15,264	-9,016
.Delaware	12,431	-172	10,725	10,897	12,597	2,277	10,320
.District of Columbia	8,023	2,607	7,627	5,020	5,460	6,969	-1,509
.Florida	365,205	-7,603	223,578	231,181	372,870	178,432	194,438
.Georgia	116,077	27,817	125,664	97,847	88,325	30,119	58,206
.Hawaii	-4,261	2,355	15,167	12,812	-6,566	4,627	-11,193
.Idaho	25,730	5,639	22,456	16,817	20,053	4,664	15,389
.Illinois	-32,826	10,453	127,235	116,782	-43,347	40,492	-83,839
.Indiana	29,925	7,508	79,587	72,079	22,468	17,869	4,599
.Iowa	7,311	3,779	36,898	33,119	3,509	7,112	-3,603
.Kansas	3,830	4,439	34,768	30,329	-642	3,932	-4,574
.Kentucky	14,591	-2,005	52,380	54,385	16,592	7,627	8,965
.Louisiana	-14,274	6,115	56,209	50,094	-20,418	9,274	-29,692
.Maine	6,384	-5,053	11,945	16,998	11,425	2,209	9,216
.Maryland	16,272	14,199	67,969	53,770	2,072	32,977	-30,905
.Massachusetts	18,659	6,983	68,387	61,404	11,498	50,647	-39,149
.Michigan	3,980	-4,030	101,911	105,941	7,766	22,817	-15,051
.Minnesota	23,615	13,843	63,754	49,911	9,889	14,575	-4,686
.Mississippi	762	-1,404	34,628	36,032	2,186	4,800	-2,614
.Missouri	18,988	-55	68,334	68,389	19,023	7,852	11,171
.Montana	9,934	-171	11,206	11,377	10,094	609	9,485
.Nebraska	10,319	5,699	24,195	18,496	4,607	5,441	-834
.Nevada	16,755	3,733	33,055	29,322	12,908	4,266	8,642
.New Hampshire	3,051	-2,109	12,155	14,264	5,157	859	4,298
.New Jersey	30,024	25,492	102,055	76,563	4,632	49,298	-44,666
.New Mexico	895	-1,616	20,728	22,344	2,554	3,642	-1,088
.New York	-101,984	41,536	207,450	165,914	-142,911	73,867	-216,778
.North Carolina	139,526	12,657	121,148	108,491	126,712	29,448	97,264
.North Dakota	5,014	2,704	9,649	6,945	2,289	2,298	-9
.Ohio	26,238	-2,462	128,826	131,288	28,718	28,081	637
.Oklahoma	34,553	2,567	48,073	45,506	31,967	8,380	23,587
.Oregon	-6,021	-4,239	39,046	43,285	-1,747	4,304	-6,051
.Pennsylvania	-10,408	-11,079	129,489	140,568	951	25,776	-24,825
.Rhode Island	2,120	-428	10,006	10,434	2,553	5,777	-3,224
.South Carolina	90,600	-1,271	57,581	58,852	91,853	9,291	82,562
.South Dakota	9,449	2,813	11,369	8,556	6,600	1,788	4,812
.Tennessee	77,513	1,028	82,244	81,216	76,471	13,054	63,417
.Texas	473,453	158,253	390,494	232,241	315,301	128,534	186,767
.Utah	36,498	24,796	45,965	21,169	11,623	10,285	1,338
.Vermont	354	-1,804	5,072	6,876	2,156	1,312	844
.Virginia	36,599	15,689	95,669	79,980	21,132	28,117	-6,985
.Washington	28,403	14,860	82,523	67,663	13,643	28,919	-15,276
.West Virginia	-3,964	-8,666	17,263	25,929	4,696	1,101	3,595
.Wisconsin	20,412	1,147	59,839	58,692	19,301	13,653	5,648
.Wyoming	2,428	103	5,882	5,779	2,338	322	2,016
(X) Not applicable.
Table 4. Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023
	Total Population Change1	Natural Change	Vital Events		Net Migration
			Births	Deaths	Total	International2	Domestic
United States	3,449,947	915,797	11,811,192	10,895,395	2,534,150	2,534,150	(X)
Northeast	-630,624	46,475	1,889,402	1,842,927	-661,666	520,034	-1,181,700
Midwest	-78,013	17,730	2,438,549	2,420,819	-111,617	368,719	-480,336
South	3,856,761	337,647	4,740,236	4,402,589	3,508,262	1,071,260	2,437,002
West	301,823	513,945	2,743,005	2,229,060	-200,829	574,137	-774,966
.Alabama	84,174	-23,913	187,408	211,321	108,227	11,689	96,538
.Alaska	32	12,059	30,481	18,422	-12,060	5,296	-17,356
.Arizona	273,442	2,534	251,434	248,900	270,441	52,194	218,247
.Arkansas	56,242	-10,190	115,300	125,490	66,041	8,751	57,290
.California	-573,019	313,064	1,353,681	1,040,617	-874,952	322,998	-1,197,950
.Colorado	103,903	49,817	202,910	153,093	53,082	26,501	26,581
.Connecticut	11,264	-1,248	112,936	114,184	15,968	37,453	-21,485
.Delaware	41,944	-2,211	34,361	36,572	44,124	5,656	38,468
.District of Columbia	-10,576	8,288	26,721	18,433	-15,161	13,291	-28,452
.Florida	1,072,510	-94,356	703,817	798,173	1,168,132	349,370	818,762
.Georgia	315,456	59,887	402,386	342,499	253,772	68,020	185,752
.Hawaii	-20,136	9,095	50,277	41,182	-28,964	12,706	-41,670
.Idaho	125,609	15,666	72,191	56,525	111,512	7,199	104,313
.Illinois	-263,780	14,662	422,189	407,527	-280,776	83,667	-364,443
.Indiana	76,757	8,134	256,969	248,835	67,089	39,751	27,338
.Iowa	16,577	6,375	118,737	112,362	9,309	20,367	-11,058
.Kansas	2,711	8,582	111,993	103,411	-6,819	11,654	-18,473
.Kentucky	19,857	-18,274	168,707	186,981	36,533	13,942	22,591
.Louisiana	-84,036	4,684	183,333	178,649	-89,834	20,875	-110,709
.Maine	32,545	-16,254	38,541	54,795	48,601	5,783	42,818
.Maryland	3,000	34,207	221,460	187,253	-33,517	66,062	-99,579
.Massachusetts	-31,534	12,255	221,010	208,755	-38,502	110,964	-149,466
.Michigan	-40,413	-34,430	335,709	370,139	-9,343	49,036	-58,379
.Minnesota	31,111	40,368	207,857	167,489	-11,352	34,624	-45,976
.Mississippi	-21,616	-15,223	112,921	128,144	-6,904	7,040	-13,944
.Missouri	41,267	-12,984	223,250	236,234	53,416	22,111	31,305
.Montana	48,568	-2,864	36,078	38,942	51,602	3,158	48,444
.Nebraska	16,414	16,824	78,825	62,001	-860	11,156	-12,016
.Nevada	89,559	5,969	108,125	102,156	83,038	18,194	64,844
.New Hampshire	24,530	-6,603	39,525	46,128	30,472	6,323	24,149
.New Jersey	1,802	50,180	327,246	277,066	-49,614	103,579	-153,193
.New Mexico	-3,154	-9,338	68,639	77,977	5,810	11,898	-6,088
.New York	-631,104	83,944	676,026	592,082	-701,412	181,264	-882,676
.North Carolina	396,032	20,451	388,209	367,758	376,420	66,231	310,189
.North Dakota	4,847	8,218	32,070	23,852	-3,152	4,040	-7,192
.Ohio	-13,396	-42,708	418,233	460,941	26,900	61,616	-34,716
.Oklahoma	94,413	-3,087	155,246	158,333	96,467	16,403	80,064
.Oregon	-3,921	-11,635	129,508	141,143	7,358	14,324	-6,966
.Pennsylvania	-41,105	-67,343	424,237	491,580	21,873	62,322	-40,449
.Rhode Island	-1,409	-3,265	32,968	36,233	1,445	9,589	-8,144
.South Carolina	255,133	-18,068	184,396	202,464	272,176	24,121	248,055
.South Dakota	32,650	7,007	36,588	29,581	25,245	5,734	19,511
.Tennessee	215,703	-18,158	263,010	281,168	231,466	24,369	207,097
.Texas	1,357,842	407,567	1,227,704	820,137	947,383	291,163	656,220
.Utah	146,120	78,405	149,901	71,496	67,362	17,921	49,441
.Vermont	4,387	-5,191	16,913	22,104	9,503	2,757	6,746
.Virginia	84,325	39,747	309,542	269,795	43,207	80,621	-37,414
.Washington	107,613	51,496	270,104	218,608	57,413	80,910	-23,497
.West Virginia	-23,642	-33,704	55,715	89,419	9,730	3,656	6,074
.Wisconsin	17,242	-2,318	196,129	198,447	18,726	24,963	-6,237
.Wyoming	7,207	-323	19,676	19,999	7,529	838	6,691
(X) Not applicable.
1 Total population change includes a residual. This residual represents the change in population that cannot be attributed to any specific demographic component. See Population Estimates Terms and Definitions at https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/about/glossary.html.
2 Net international migration for the United States includes the international migration of both U.S.-born and non-U.S.-born populations. Specifically, it includes: (a) the net international migration of the non-U.S. born, (b) the net migration of U.S. born to and from the United States, (c) the net migration between the United States and Puerto Rico, and (d) the net movement of the Armed Forces population between the United States and overseas.
Vintage 2023 data products are associated with Data Management System projects P-6000042, P-7501659, and P-7527355. The U.S. Census Bureau reviewed these data products for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release (CBDRB-FY24-0085).
Note: The estimates are developed from a base that integrates the 2020 Census, Vintage 2020 estimates, and (for the U.S. only) 2020 Demographic Analysis estimates. For population estimates methodology statements, see http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/technical-documentation/methodology.html. See Geographic Terms and Definitions at http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/guidance-geographies/terms-and-definitions.html for a list of the states that are included in each region. All geographic boundaries for the 2023 population estimates series are as of January 1, 2023.
Suggested Citation:
Annual and Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico:  April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 (NST-EST2023-COMP)
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Release Date: December 2023